Development of an ELISA for the detection of structural protein antibody of foot-and-mouth disease virus sero-type O
Chu-Hsiang Pan
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has seven distinct serotypes named O, A, C, SAT 1, SAT 2, SAT 3, and Asia 1. There is no cross-protection between serotypes. The antibodies detection of FMDV can be divided into non-structural protein and structural protein. The non-structural protein antibody detection can distinguish between natural infection and vaccination in FMDV, and structural protein antibody detection can evaluate antibody titers after vaccine immunization. The virus neutralization test (VNT) is still the “gold standard” for detection of antibodies against FMDV. However, Traditional SNT is a time-consuming and heavy labor job, including cell culture, serum-virus neutralization and visual interpretation under microscopy, which take 3 days and need to operate in biosafety level 3 laboratories. At present, more and more countries are gradually replacing the VNT of FMDV by ELISA methods. In this experiment, field pig serum samples were collected and tested with the home-made and commercial antibody ELISA kits of FMDV and compared with the SNT. The results showed that the correlation values (r2) between SNT titer and the ELISA OD values of the homemade and commercial blocking ELISA kits were 0.60 and 0.70, respectively.
Application of the detection of African swine fever virus for border inspection
Ming-Chung Deng
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious and high mortality disease in domestic pigs and wild pigs. A huge economic loss would be caused by devastating outbreaks of ASF. Some of ASF syndrome including fever, cyanosis, anorexia, and sudden death would be observed. ASFV is the only member of the Asfarviridae family. The first ASF case in Mainland China was reported on 3rd Aug. 2018, and the disease quickly spread to most provinces in a short time. In order to prevent the ASF incursion, the Taiwan government reinforces the quarantine inspection and raises the penalty for who does not comply with border inspection rules or regulations. The illegal pork products seized at the airports or harbors have been sent to Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI) for detecting ASFV since 27 Aug, 2018. The qPCR method based on OIE recommendation was applied to screen ASFV and followingly they were confirmed by nest PCR for qPCR positive samples. The first product containing ASFV gene was detected on 31 Oct 2018, and a total of 54 positive samples were detected among1,483 pork products until now. According to the source of the positive sample, 52 samples came from Mainland China and 2 samples from Vietnam. Among 54 positive samples, 44% were sausages, 28% were pork jerky, other products include pork chop, bacon, braised pork belly, yanpi, and wonton. The preliminary data show that a combination of the qPCR and nest PCR could be used to detect ASFV in seized pork products on border control.