1

Speaker(s)：

Li-hsuan Chen

Topic

A survey of NDM-1 Gene from Wild Birds and Establishment of Detective Method

Abstract

A new metallo-β-lactamase, designated NDM-1, is originating from New Delhi and first reported in 2009 in India. NDM-1 carrying bacteria can resist all β-lactams except aztreonam. NDM-1 genes were found mostly in E. coli and K. pneumonia, and raid disseminated to other 11 species bacteria in the environment. Some of the bacteria can transfer NDM-1 gene by conjugation.

In China, NDM-1 gene was already identified on a plasmid in Acinetobacter lwoffii of chicken origin. Birds were also improved to carry and spread multidrug-resistant bacteria. Migratory birds may be considered to be a way bringing this drug-resistant gene to Taiwan. We choose loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for the rapid detection of NDM-1 gene from feces of wild birds sampling from wet land of Taiwan. So far, all 1458 faecal samples were negative for NDM-1 gene.

2

Speaker(s)：

Yang-chang Tu

Topic

Pathobiology of SPF chickens inoculated intravenously with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N2 virus (A/CK/Penghu/121103/2012)

Abstract

An H5N2 influenza virus (A/CK/Penghu/121103/2012) was isolated from native broiler reared in Penghu County in November 2012. The intravenous pathogenicity index of the isolate was higher than 1.2, indicating that the virus was high pathogenicity in chickens. The amino acid sequence in cleavage site of haemagglutinin (HA) was PQREKR/GLF. According to our knowledge, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) with 3 basic amino acid in HA cleavage site wasn’t found in OIE website. In this study, the histological lesions and the distribution of vial antigens in SPF chickens inoculated intravenously with this isolate were compared to other three isolates of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) bearing 3 basic amino acid in HA cleavage site (A/CK/Chiayi/A2628/2012, A/CK/Penghu/A2721/2012 and A/Gamecock/Miaoli/121203/2012). Histologically, renal tubule necrosis and lymphocytic nephritis were presented in chickens inoculated with LPAI viruses. Furthermore, myocardial necrosis, renal tubule necrosis and lymphocytic nephritis, and pancreatic necrosis were presented in HPAI inoculated chickens. Immunohistochemically, influenza virus antigens were detected in kidney, spleen, pancreas, heart, and endothelium in HPAI inoculated chickens. However, viral antigens were detected only in kidney of LPAI inoculated chickens. These results confirmed that A/CK/Penghu/121103/2012 viral strain exhibited features of high pathogenicity, such as viral antigen presented in multi-organs, especially in endothelium.

3

Speaker(s)：

Chien-Chih Wu

Topic

Detection of Organophosphate and Carbamate Pesticides from Animal Poisoning Suspected Cases in 2011 and 2012

Abstract

A total of sixty eight animal poisoning suspected cases collected from local animal disease control centers in 2011 and 2012 were detected for organophosphate and carbamate pesticides by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/MSD) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The results revealed that carbamate and organophosphate pesticides were existed in fifteen and four cases, respectively. Among these 19 cases, carbofuran were the main pesticide and identified in 12 cases. The other detected compounds were followed by terbufos in 3 cases, methomyl and carbaryl each in 2 cases, fenitrothion and ethion each in one case. According to the detected concentration and 50% lethal doses (LD₅₀) within these 19 cases, at least fifteen animal death cases caused by addition of pesticides have been confirmed.